Varicose leg veins is a disease that thinning the veins, deforming (dilated, long) veins, disorders of blood circulation. If not treated in time, the disease can lead to a number of complications, disability and death. The following document details the stages of varicose leg disease, its symptoms and clinical signs, and the treatment of the disease.
According to statistics, more than 60% of women and about 50% of patients - representing men with varicose veins of extremities of varying degrees of severity.
There are many factors that trigger disease. The main elements include:
In addition to the above, the important ones are also: a person's age (a decrease in blood vessel elasticity is determined by genetics due to aging), the presence of habitsused to bad.
Wearing tight clothing, uncomfortable high heels, frequent weight lifting, taking hormonal drugs - all these reasons can also cause the described disease.
Signs of the disease vary depending on the degree of varicose veins, as determined by the localized site, the nature of the pathological changes in the vessel, the severity of the dyskinesiablood movement.
Grade 1 varicose veins are not usually present in the early stages of development. Negligible discomfort occurs in the limbs mainly after the exertion passes quickly enough - the patient only needs to rest for a while. Gradually, increased fatigue, heaviness in the legs and other uncomfortable sensations arise along with pathological changes in the vessels, adding itching, soreness and a feeling of fullness.
Does the first stage of varicose veins develop in students? The answer is yes. The medical literature of recent decades describes the manifestations of diseases affecting adolescents aged 16-17.
An increase in the intensity of symptoms indicates progression of the disease and transition to the second stage. Edema, spider veins begin to appear in the affected area. The clinical picture is complemented by hyperthermia, of a local nature, night cramps in the calf muscles. Grade 2 varicose veins are also characterized by a reduced frequency of symptoms after rest (long).
Forms of the disease ignored in the third stage are characterized by the appearance of pain, swelling and persistent convulsions. The skin on the affected area begins to flake, shed hair, and become dry. Color turns brown.
In the future, blood vessels will rupture, resulting in trophic ulcers.
Checking by a vein doctor is the first step in detecting varicose veins. For the final diagnosis, in addition to the mandatory testing, the doctor can prescribe:
To get information in some cases, phlebography (three-dimensional computer, radioactive), phleboscintigraphy are also used. The methods listed are used in certain situations where further surgery is required.
According to the scholar's classification, there are 3 stages (degree) of lower limb venous insufficiency - compensatory (1), compensatory (2) and decompensated (3).
The first stage of varicose veins can develop over a few years. The disease has no limitations of age and geography: the disease is detected in the population of different countries, regardless of the age of the patient.
The symptoms that appear are often referred to as symptoms of other diseases. Changes cannot be identified visually.
With the help of adequate therapy, alleviation of the early stage of varicose veins occurs in a relatively short time.
The extension can last several years (the length of time depends on the lifestyle, type of activity and general health condition of the patient).
With degree 2 varicose veins, there is a marked distortion; Specific symptoms begin to appear more often, and their decrease in intensity requires prolonged rest.
Compensation is found in the majority of patients who see a doctor. With a timely visit to the clinic and performing all necessary manipulations, the development of complications will be prevented.
Grade 3 varicose veins failure, if left untreated, eczema and trophic ulcers will form. The second type arises mainly on the inner surface of the leg (less often on the back, above the ankle) and is distinguished by an irregular shape, an even base and the presence of purulent substances. They are placed individually.
The vessel walls affected by the disease lose elasticity and strength, and are often damaged. The ruptures are accompanied by bleeding, which rarely stops spontaneously.
During the third stage of varicose veins of the lower extremities, the areola can develop on the affected area. The disease is exacerbated by complications such as:
At stage 3 of varicose veins, changes begin to affect the whole body: it is the weakening of the immune system and the musculoskeletal system, hair loss is possible. .
The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the pathological process. A neglected disease requires radical relief measures.
First-degree varicose veins are prevented using medications, venous tonics, creams, massage complexes, sclerotherapy (injecting a special substance into the vein), and ozone therapy (strengthening blood vessels). Alternatively, you can use traditional medicine formulas.
Do not arbitrarily (without consulting your doctor) use herbal medicines, decoctions and fluids: mixed therapy will only aggravate the condition.
Prescription drugs:
Dosage is calculated individually, depending on the patient's condition.
Among the auxiliary methods of conservative therapy for varicose veins - use medical knitted clothing (socks, tights, golf) and elastic bandages.
The latter use prevents the development of deformation, helping to reduce the load on the vessels of the affected area while walking. They are superimposed after sleeping (night), in a supine position; wear all day. Only shoot in the evening, before resting.
Compressed clothing improves blood circulation and supports weakened vessel walls.
You can use cool foot baths at home to reduce fatigue and discomfort.
The principle of drug treatment for grade 2 varicose veins is similar to the first stage of the disease. It involves the use of antithrombotic agents, venotonics and compressed underwear wear.
Among the popular medications that reduce puffiness are ointments and lotions.
Surgical operations including radio frequency therapy, laser coagulation. The first of these methods allows you to remove the vascular pattern, which is used if you have a history of asthma, ischemia, and other serious illnesses.
Ultrasound-controlled radiectomy is performed in the case of damage to the trunks of the large and small hemispherical veins, eliminating the venous varicose nodes.
The main formula of traditional medicine is to cover medicine with green clay. To obtain the drug mixture requires 2 tablespoons. l. Sedimentary rock is cultured in 1 glass of water. Forming agent is applied to the damaged areas, fixed with a napkin. The affected area is wrapped further in a warm towel. The minimum duration of therapy is two hours.
Surgical procedures used in the treatment of grade 3 varicose veins. Among them - vasectomy (removal of the affected vessel), used when there are ulcers, blood clots. Classic and laser techniques available (incision not included).
At the end of surgery, drug therapy is prescribed and compressed knitwear should be used.
There are three main points in the list of rules that prevent possible development of varicose veins: follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle, do not wear tight clothing, wear shoesis uncomfortable and see a doctor promptly.
For prevention, pregnant women should use properly selected bandages, tights or socks.
During rehabilitation, you should adhere to a healthy diet, follow recommended exercises, shower and check in regularly.
And most importantly: when in doubt of the development of the disease first, you should immediately seek help from a vein specialist. Varicose veins detected in the early stage can completely cure without causing damage to the health.